Wednesday, 10 August 2016

How does a Search Engine Work?

Search engines perform several activities in order to deliver search results.
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Crawling 
Process of fetching all the web pages linked to a website. This task is performed by a software called a crawler or a spider (or Googlebot, in case of Google).

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Indexing
Process of creating index for all the fetched web pages and keeping them into a giant database from where it can later be retrieved. Essentially, the process of indexing is identifying the words and expressions that best describe the page and assigning the page to particular keywords.
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Processing
When a search request comes, the search engine processes it, i.e., it compares the search string in the search request with the indexed pages in the database
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Calculating Relevancy
It is likely that more than one page contains the search string, so the search engine starts calculating the relevancy of each of the pages in its index to the search string.

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Retrieving Results
The last step in search engine activities is retrieving the best matched results. Basically, it is nothing more than simply displaying them in the browser.

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Search engines such as Google and Yahoo! often update their relevancy algorithm dozens of times per month. When you see changes in your rankings, it is due to an algorithmic shift or something else beyond you control.

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